数据结构典例
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2,101
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1
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Sec

2310 字
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1.8 小时

1.数组合并

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
using namespace std;

/*
     burn it all down ；
     cause if I gotta !;
     瞎写的脚本
     铁打的手

*/
    int n , m ;
void input( int arry[] ,int len )
{
    for(int i = 0 ; i < len ; i ++ )
    {
        cin >> arry[i] ;
    }
}
void output( int arry[] , int len )
{
    for(int i = 0 ; i < len ; i ++ )
    {
        cout<< arry[i] << " " ;
    }
}
void mix(int arrya[],int arryb[], int arryc[] )
{
    for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++ )
    {
        arryc[i] = arrya[i];
    }
    for(int i = n , j = 0 ; i < m + n ; i ++ , j ++  )
    {
        arryc[i] = arryb[j];
    }
}
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
int main ()
{
    int a[N],b[N];
    int c[N<<1];

    int k;
    cout<<"输入数组a的大小 n = " ;
    cin >> n;
    cout<<"输入数组b的大小 m = " ;
    cin >> m;
    /*
    cout<<"输入数组b的大小 m = " ;
    cin >> m;
    */
    cout<<"输入a数组"<<n<<"个元素"<<endl;
    input(a, n);
    cout<<"输入b数组"<<m<<"个元素"<<endl;
    input(b, m);
    cout << "a数组内容:"<<endl;
    output(a,n);
    cout<<endl;
    cout<< "b数组内容:" <<endl;
    output(b,m);
    cout<<endl;
    //cout<<"请输入要输出多少个a数组元素"<<endl;
    cout<<"数组a+b合并后的内容:"<<endl;
    mix(a,b,c);
    output(c,m+n);

}

2.顺序表的插入与删除

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int elemtype;
const int LIST_INIT_SIZE = 100;

typedef struct{
    elemtype *elem;
    int length;
    int listsize;
}sqlist; 

status initsqlist(sqlist *L)//初始化 
{
    L->elem=(elemtype *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE*sizeof(elemtype));
    if(L->elem == NULL )
        return 0;
    L->length = 0;
    L->listsize = LIST_INIT_SIZE;
}

status listinsert(sqlist *L ,int i , elemtype e)//插入 
{
    if(i < 0 || i>L->length + 1 )
    {
        cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    if(L->length >= L->listsize )
    {
        elemtype *newbase = (elemtype *)realloc(L->elem , (L->listsize + 10)*sizeof(elemtype) );
        if(newbase == NULL )
        {
            cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
            return 0;
        }
        L->elem;
        L->listsize += 10;
    }
    elemtype *q = &(L->elem[i-1]);
    for(elemtype *p = &(L->elem[L->length -1 ]); p >= q ; -- p)
    {
        *(p+1)=*p;
    }
    *q=e;
    L->length+=1; 
    return 1;
}
status listdelete(sqlist *L , int i , elemtype *e)//删除 
{
    if(i < 0 || i > L -> length + 1)
    {
        cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    *e = L->elem[i-1];
    elemtype *p = &(L->elem[i-1]);
    elemtype *q = &(L->elem[ L->length -1 ] );
    for(++p ; p<= q ; p++ )
    {
        *(p-1)=*p;
    }
    L->length-=1;
}
status outlist(sqlist *L)// 输出函数 
{
    for(int i = 0 ; i <L->length ; i ++ )
    {
        cout<<L->elem[i]<<" ";
    }
    cout<<endl;
    return 1;
}
int main ()
{
    sqlist L;
    initsqlist(&L);
    int n,m;
    cout<<"输入顺序表的元素个数:";
    cin >> n;
    for(int i = 0 ; i< n ; i ++ )
    {
        printf("请输入第%d个元素:",i+1);
        elemtype elem;
        cin >> elem;
        listinsert(&L,i+1,elem);
    }
    cout<<"顺序表内元素:"<<endl;
    outlist(&L);
    cout<<"请输入需要插入的元素和位置:"<<endl;
    elemtype tmp;
    cin >> tmp >> n;
    listinsert(&L, n , tmp);
    cout<<"顺序表内元素:"<<endl;
    outlist(&L);
    cout<<"输入需要删除的元素位置:";
    cin >> m ;
    elemtype e;
    if(listdelete(&L, m , &e))
    {
        cout<<"删除成功!"<<endl;
        printf("删除的元素是%d:\n",e); 
    }

}

3.顺序表的排序与合并

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int elemtype;
const int LIST_INIT_SIZE = 100;

typedef struct{
    elemtype *elem;
    int length;
    int listsize;
}sqlist; 

status initsqlist(sqlist *L)
{
    L->elem=(elemtype *)malloc(LIST_INIT_SIZE*sizeof(elemtype));
    if(L->elem == NULL )
        return 0;
    L->length = 0;
    L->listsize = LIST_INIT_SIZE;
}

status listinsert(sqlist &L ,int i ,elemtype e)
{
    if(i < 0 || i>L.length + 1 )
    {
        cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    if(L.length >= L.listsize )
    {
        elemtype *newbase = (elemtype *)realloc(L.elem , (L.listsize + 10)*sizeof(elemtype) );
        if(newbase == NULL )
        {
            cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
            return 0;
        }
        L.elem = newbase ;
        L.listsize += 10;
    }
    elemtype *q = &(L.elem[i-1]);
    for(elemtype *p = &(L.elem[L.length -1 ]); p >= q ; -- p)
    {
        *(p+1)=*p;
    }
    *q=e;
    L.length+=1; 
    return 1;
}
status listdelete(sqlist *L , int i , elemtype *e)
{
    if(i < 0 || i > L -> length + 1)
    {
        cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    *e = L->elem[i-1];
    elemtype *p = &(L->elem[i-1]);
    elemtype *q = &(L->elem[ L->length -1 ] );
    for(++p ; p<= q ; p++ )
    {
        *(p-1)=*p;
    }
    L->length-=1;
}
status outlist(sqlist *L)
{
    for(int i = 0 ; i < L->length*2 ; i ++ )
        cout<<"-";
    cout<<endl;
    for(int i = 0 ; i <L->length ; i ++ )
    {
        cout<<L->elem[i]<<" ";
    }
    cout<<endl;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < L->length*2 ; i ++ )
        cout<<"-";
    cout<<endl;
    return 1;
}

status greater_sqsort(sqlist &L)
{
    int i,qw,q;
    for(i=1;i<L.length;i++)
    {
        q = i-1;
        qw = L.elem[i]; 
        while(q >= 0&& qw < L.elem[q])    
        {

            L.elem[q+1] = L.elem[q];
            q--;    
        }
        L.elem[q+1] = qw;
    } 
    return 1;
}

status less_sqsort(sqlist &L)
{
    int i,qw,q;
    for(i=1;i< L.length;i++)
    {
        q = i-1;
        qw = *(L.elem+i); 
        while(q >= 0&& qw >= *(L.elem+q) )
        {

            *(L.elem+q+1)= *(L.elem+q);
            q--;    
        }
        *(L.elem+q+1) = qw;
    } 
    return 1;
}
void pd(sqlist &L)
{
    int d;
    cout<<"1.从小到大"<<endl;
    cout<<"2.从大到小"<<endl;
    cin>> d;

    if(d == 1)
        greater_sqsort(L);
    else if(d == 2)
        less_sqsort(L);
    else
    {
        cout<<"error"<<endl; 
        pd(L);

    }   
}

void sqmerge(sqlist LA,sqlist LB , sqlist &LC)
{
    int i = 0 , j = 0 , k = 0 ;
    while(i < LA.length && j < LB.length )
    {
        if( *(LA.elem+i) <= *(LB.elem+j) )
        {
        //  elemtype elem = *(LA->elem+i);
            listinsert(LC,k+1,*(LA.elem+i));
            i++;
            k++;
        }
        else
        {
            listinsert(LC,k+1,*(LB.elem+j));
            j++;
            k++;
        }
    }
    while(i<LA.length)
    {
        listinsert(LC,k+1,*(LA.elem+i));
        i++;
        k++;
    }
    while(j<LB.length)
    {
        listinsert(LC,k+1,*(LB.elem+j));
        j++;
        k++;
    }
}

int main ()
{
    sqlist L;
    initsqlist(&L);
    int n,m;
    cout<<"输入顺序表的元素个数:";
    cin >> n;
    for(int i = 0 ; i< n ; i ++ )
    {
        printf("请输入第%d个元素:",i+1);
        elemtype elem;
        cin >> elem;
        listinsert(L,i+1,elem);
    }
    cout<<"顺序表内元素:"<<endl;
    outlist(&L);
    cout<<"输入排序方式:"<<endl;
    pd(L);
    cout<<"排序后结果为:"<<endl;
    outlist(&L);
    sqlist Q;
    initsqlist(&Q);
    cout<<"输入顺序表2的元素个数:";
    cin >> n;
    for(int i = 0 ; i< n ; i ++ )
    {
        printf("请输入第%d个元素:",i+1);
        elemtype elem;
        cin >> elem;
        listinsert(Q,i+1,elem);
    }
    //listinsert(&Q,2,*(L.elem));
    cout<<"顺序表2内元素:"<<endl;
    outlist(&Q);
    cout<<"输入排序方式:"<<endl;
    pd(Q);
    cout<<"排序后结果为:"<<endl;
    outlist(&Q);
    sqlist LC;
    initsqlist(&LC);
    sqmerge(L,Q,LC);
    cout<<"表1和表2合并后结果为:" <<endl;
    outlist(&LC);
}

4.链表的插入与删除

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

typedef struct node{
    int data;
    struct node *next;
}lnode,*linklist; 

int initlist(linklist &L)
{
    L=(lnode *)malloc(sizeof(lnode));
    if(L == NULL)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    L->next = NULL;
    return 1;
}

int getlength(linklist L)
{
    int length = 0;
    lnode *p = L->next;
    while( p )
    {
        length ++ ;
        p = p->next;
    }
    return length;
}

void tailinsert(linklist &L,int n)
{
    int d;
    lnode *end;
    end = L;
    while(n--)
    {
        cin >> d;
        lnode *p = (linklist)malloc( sizeof(lnode) );
        p->data = d;
        end->next = p;
        end = p;
    }
    end->next = NULL;
}

void headinsert(linklist &L,int n)
{
    int d;
    while(n--)
    {
        cin >> d;
        lnode *p = (linklist)malloc( sizeof(lnode) );
        p->data = d;
        p->next = L->next;
        L->next = p;
    }
}
void print(linklist &L)
{
    lnode *p;
    p = L;
    p=p->next;
    while(p->next!=NULL)
    {
        cout<< p->data << " ";
        p=p->next;
    }
    cout<<p->data<<endl;
}
void listinsert(linklist L,int n , int e)
{
    lnode *pre;
    pre=L;
    int count = 0;
    if(n<=0)
    {
        printf("插入位置小于0\n");
        return ;
    }
    while(pre!=NULL && count < n -1 )
    {
        pre = pre->next;
        count ++ ;
    }
    if(pre == NULL )
    {
        printf("插入位置过大\n");
        return ;
    }
    lnode *s = (linklist)malloc( sizeof(lnode) );
    s->data = e;
    s->next = pre->next;
    pre->next = s;
}

void listdel(linklist &L,int n)
{
    lnode *pre,*s;
    pre=L;
    int count = 0;
    if(n<=0)
    {
        printf("删除位置小于0\n");
        return ;
    }
    while(pre!=NULL && count < n - 1)
    {
        pre = pre->next;
        count ++ ;
    }
    if(pre == NULL )
    {
        printf("删除位置过大\n");
        return ;
    }
    s=pre->next;
    pre->next = s->next;
    free(s);
}
void getelem(linklist &L , int n)
{
    node *pre ;
    pre = L;
    int count;
    while(pre!=NULL && count < n )
    {
        pre=pre->next;
        count ++;
    }
    printf("%d.位置的值为:",n);
    cout<<pre->data<<endl;
}
int main ()
{

    linklist L;
    initlist(L);
    printf("输入链表L节点数:");
    int n;
    cin >> n ;
    cout<<"插入方式选择："<<endl;
    cout<<"1.头插法 2.尾插法"<<endl;
    int ok = 0;
    cin >> ok;
    while(ok != 1&&ok != 2)
    {
        cout<<"重新输入"<<endl;
        cin >> ok;
    }
    cout<<"输入链表内元素"<<endl;
    if(ok==1)
    {
        headinsert(L,n);
    }
    else
    {
        tailinsert(L,n);
    }
    cout<<"链表内元素:"<<endl;
    print(L);
    cout<<"输入插入元素位置"<<endl;
    int m;
    cin >> m ;
    int data;
    cout<<"输入元素的值"<<endl;
    cin >> data;
    listinsert(L,m,data);
    cout<<"链表内元素:"<<endl;
    print(L);
    cout<<"输入删除元素位置:"<<endl;
    cin >> m;
    listdel(L,m);
    cout<<"链表内元素:"<<endl;
    print(L);
    cout<<"输入需要查询的元素位置"<<endl; 
    cin >> m;
    getelem(L,m);
}

5.链表的排序与合并

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

typedef struct node{
    int data;
    struct node *next;
}lnode,*linklist; 

int initlist(linklist &L)
{
    L=(lnode *)malloc(sizeof(lnode));
    if(L == NULL)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    L->next = NULL;
    return 1;
}

int getlength(linklist L)
{
    int length = 0;
    lnode *p = L->next;
    while( p )
    {
        length ++ ;
        p = p->next;
    }
    return length;
}

void tailinsert(linklist &L,int n)
{
    int d;
    lnode *end;
    end = L;
    while(n--)
    {
        cin >> d;
        lnode *p = (linklist)malloc( sizeof(lnode) );
        p->data = d;
        end->next = p;
        end = p;
    }
    end->next = NULL;
}

void headinsert(linklist &L,int n)
{
    int d;
    while(n--)
    {
        cin >> d;
        lnode *p = (linklist)malloc( sizeof(lnode) );
        p->data = d;
        p->next = L->next;
        L->next = p;
    }
}
void print(linklist &L)
{
    lnode *p;
    p = L;
    p=p->next;
    while(p!=NULL)
    {
        cout<< p->data << " ";
        p=p->next;
    }
 //   cout<<p->data<<endl;
}
void listinsert(linklist L,int n , int e)
{
    lnode *pre;
    pre=L;
    int count = 0;
    if(n<=0)
    {
        printf("插入位置小于0\n");
        return ;
    }
    while(pre!=NULL && count < n -1 )
    {
        pre = pre->next;
        count ++ ;
    }
    if(pre == NULL )
    {
        printf("插入位置过大\n");
        return ;
    }
    lnode *s = (linklist)malloc( sizeof(lnode) );
    s->data = e;
    s->next = pre->next;
    pre->next = s;
}

void listdel(linklist &L,int n)
{
    lnode *pre,*s;
    pre=L;
    int count = 0;
    if(n<=0)
    {
        printf("删除位置小于0\n");
        return ;
    }
    while(pre!=NULL && count < n - 1)
    {
        pre = pre->next;
        count ++ ;
    }
    if(pre == NULL )
    {
        printf("删除位置过大\n");
        return ;
    }
    s=pre->next;
    pre->next = s->next;
    free(s);
}
void getelem(linklist &L , int n)
{
    node *pre ;
    pre = L;
    int count;
    while(pre!=NULL && count < n )
    {
        pre=pre->next;
        count ++;
    }
    printf("%d.位置的值为:",n);
    cout<<pre->data<<endl;
}
void greatersort(linklist &L , int count )
{
    int i , tmp = 0 ;
    lnode *pre;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < count ; i++ )
    {
        for(pre = L->next ; pre->next != NULL ; pre=pre->next)
        {
            if(pre->data < pre->next->data)
            {
                tmp = pre->data;
                pre->data = pre->next->data;
                pre->next->data=tmp;
            }
        }
    }
}
void lesssort(linklist &L , int count )
{
    int i , tmp = 0 ;
    lnode *pre;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < count ; i++ )
    {
        for(pre = L->next ; pre->next != NULL ; pre=pre->next)
        {
            if(pre->data > pre->next->data)
            {
                tmp = pre->data;
                pre->data = pre->next->data;
                pre->next->data=tmp;
            }
        }
    }
}
void listmix(linklist &L,linklist &L2,linklist &ptr)
{
    ptr = L;
    linklist tmp = ptr;
    while(tmp->next != NULL)
    {
        tmp = tmp->next; 
    }
    tmp->next = L2->next;
}
int main ()
{
    linklist L,L2,L3;
    int n;
    initlist(L);
    initlist(L2);
    initlist(L3);
    cout<<"输入链表L的元素个数:";
    cin >> n ;
    cout<<"输入链表L的元素"<<endl;
    tailinsert(L,n);
    cout<<"输入链表L2的元素个数:";
    cin >> n;
    cout<<"输入链表L2的元素"<<endl;
    tailinsert(L2,n);
    cout<<"排序L:"<<endl;
    while(1)
    {
        cout<<"输入1降序排序:"<<endl;
        cout<<"输入2升序排序:"<<endl;
        int k;
        cin >> k;
        if(k == 1)
        {
            greatersort(L,getlength(L));
            break;
        }
        else if (k == 2)
        {
            lesssort(L,getlength(L));
            break;
        }
    }
    cout<<"排序L2:"<<endl;
    while(1)
    {
        cout<<"输入1降序排序:"<<endl;
        cout<<"输入2升序排序:"<<endl;
        int k;
        cin >> k;
        if(k == 1)
        {
            greatersort(L2,getlength(L2));
            break;
        }
        else if (k == 2)
        {
            lesssort(L2,getlength(L2));
            break;
        }
    }
    cout<<"L内元素:";
    print(L);
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<"L2内元素"; 
    print(L2);
    cout<<endl;
    listmix(L,L2,L3);
    cout<<"排序合并后的L1,L2:"<<endl;
    while(1)
    {
        cout<<"输入1降序排序:"<<endl;
        cout<<"输入2升序排序:"<<endl;
        int k;
        cin >> k;
        if(k == 1)
        {
            greatersort(L3,getlength(L3));
            break;
        }
        else if (k == 2)
        {
            lesssort(L3,getlength(L3));
            break;
        }
    }
    cout<<"合并后的L1,L2内元素:"<<endl;
    print(L3);

}

6.栈(数据转化)

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
#define STACK_INIT_SIZE 100
#define STACKINCREMENT 10
typedef int status;
typedef int selemtype;

typedef struct
{
    selemtype *base;
    selemtype *top;
    int stacksize ;
}sqstack;

status initstack(sqstack &S)
{
    S.base = (selemtype *)malloc(STACK_INIT_SIZE*sizeof(selemtype));
    if(!S.base)
    {
        cout<<"初始化失败";
        exit(0);
    }
    S.top = S.base;
    S.stacksize = STACK_INIT_SIZE;
    return 1;

}
status push(sqstack &S , selemtype e)
{
    if(S.top-S.base>= S.stacksize)
    {
        selemtype *newbase=(selemtype *)realloc(S.base,(S.stacksize+STACKINCREMENT)*sizeof(selemtype));
        if(!newbase)
        {
            cout<<"内存不足栈空间增加失败"<<endl;
            return 0;
        }
        S.base = newbase;
        S.top=S.base + S.stacksize;
        S.stacksize+= STACK_INIT_SIZE;
    }
    *(S.top++) = e;
    return 1;
}
status pop(sqstack &S, selemtype &e)
{
    if(S.top==S.base)
    {
        cout<<"栈已空"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    e =*(--S.top);
    return 1;
}
status showstack(sqstack S)
{
    while(S.base != S.top )
    {
        cout<<*(--S.top)<<" ";
    }
    cout <<endl;
    return 1;
}
status emptystack(sqstack &S)
{
    if(S.top != S.base)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    else    return 1;
}
status stacklength(sqstack &S)
{
    return (S.top - S.base);
}
status clearstack (sqstack &S)
{
    S.top = S.base;
    return 1;
}
status DestroyStack(sqstack &S)
{
    free(S.base);
    S.base=S.top=NULL;
    S.stacksize=0;
    return 1;
}
status TopStack(sqstack &S,int &e)
{
    if(S.top==S.base)
        return 0;
    e=*(S.top-1);
    return 1;
}
status JinZhi(sqstack &S,int e, int jinzhi)
{
    while(e)
    {

        push(S,e%jinzhi);
        e/=jinzhi;
    }
    return 1;
}
status ShowjzStack(sqstack &S)
{
    while(!emptystack(S))
    {
        int ans = 0;
        pop(S,ans);
        if(ans < 10)
        {
            cout<<ans;
        }
        else
        {
            char c = ans - 10 + 'A';
            cout<<c;
        }
    }

    return 1;
}
int main()
{
    sqstack S;
    initstack(S);
    int order = 0 ,init = 0,des = 0 ,len = 0,e =  0;
    cout<<"*----------------栈--------------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------1.初始化栈-------------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------2.销毁栈---------------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------3.清空栈---------------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------4.栈判空---------------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------5.求栈长度-------------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------6.获取栈顶元素---------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------7.插入一个元素---------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------8.删除一个元素---------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------9.输出所有元素---------*"<<endl;
    cout<<"*---------10.进制转换------------*"<<endl;
    do{
        cout<<"请输入指令"<<endl;
        cin >> order;
        if(order <= 0 || order > 10 )
        {
            cout<<"error"<<endl;
        }
        else if(!init && order>1 && order!=10)
                cout<<"请先初始化栈"<<endl;
        else if(des && order>1 && order!=10)
                cout<<"栈已销毁，请先初始化"<<endl;
        else
        {
            switch (order) {
                case 1:
                    initstack(S);
                    init=1;
                    des = 0;
                    cout<<"栈初始化已完成"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    DestroyStack(S);
                    cout<<"成功销毁栈"<<endl;
                    des =  1;
                    break;
                case 3:
                    clearstack(S);
                    cout<<"栈已清空"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 4:
                    if(!emptystack(S))
                        cout<<"栈非空"<<endl;
                    else
                        cout<<"栈为空"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 5:
                    len = stacklength(S);
                    cout<<"栈长度为："<<len<<endl;
                    break;
                case 6: 
                    if(TopStack(S,e))
                        cout<<"栈顶元素为："<<e<<endl; 
                    else
                        cout<<"空栈，无栈顶元素"<<endl; 
                    break;
                case 7:
                    cout<<"请输入插入元素：";
                    cin>>e;
                    push(S,e);
                    cout<<"入栈成功"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 8:
                    if(pop(S,e))
                        cout<<"栈顶元素"<<e<<"出栈成功"<<endl;
                    else
                        cout<<"栈为空"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 9:
                    cout<<"栈为："<<endl;
                    showstack(S);
                    break;
                case 10:
                    cout<<"输入一个十进制数"<<endl;
                    cin>>e;
                    cout<<"输入要转换的进制"<<endl;
                    int jinzhi;
                    cin>>jinzhi;
                    sqstack J;
                    initstack(J);
                    cout<<"10进制数"<<e<<"转换为"<<jinzhi<<"进制数后为：";
                    if(e<0)
                    {
                        cout<<'-';
                        e=-e;
                    }
                    if(!e)
                        cout<<0;
                    JinZhi(J,e,jinzhi);
                    ShowjzStack(J);
                    cout<<endl;
                    break;
                default:
                    cout<<"程序已退出"<<endl;
                    break;
            }
        }
    }while(order > 0 );

}

7.循环队列

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define MAXSIZE 11
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int elemtype;

typedef struct {
    elemtype *base;
    int front;
    int rear;
}sqQuene;

status initqueue(sqQuene &Q)
{
    Q.base = (elemtype *)malloc(MAXSIZE*sizeof(sqQuene));
    if(!Q.base)
    {
        cout<<"memory error!"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    Q.front = Q.rear = 0;
    return 1;
}

status enqueue(sqQuene &Q , elemtype e)
{
    if( (Q.rear + 1)%MAXSIZE == Q.front )
    {
        cout<<"queue is full !"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    Q.base[Q.rear] = e;
    Q.rear = (Q.rear+1)%MAXSIZE; 
    return 1;

}
status dequeue(sqQuene &Q , elemtype &e)
{
    if(Q.front == Q.rear)
    {
        cout<<"There is no any elem!"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    e = Q.base[Q.front];
    Q.front = (Q.front + 1)%MAXSIZE;
    return 1;
}
status qulength(sqQuene Q)
{
    return (Q.rear - Q.front + MAXSIZE)%MAXSIZE;
}

int main ()
{
    elemtype e;
    sqQuene Q;
    initqueue(Q);
    cout<<"开始入队总共10个元素"<<endl;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < MAXSIZE-1 ; i ++ )
    {
        cin >> e;
        enqueue(Q,e);
    }
    cout<<"出队一个元素"<<endl;
    dequeue(Q,e);
    cout<<"出队元素为:"<<e<<endl;
    cout<<"再入队一个元素"<<endl;
    cin >> e;
    enqueue(Q,e);
    cout<<"队列长度:"<<qulength(Q)<<endl;
    cout<<"所有元素出队"<<endl;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < MAXSIZE-1 ; i ++ )
    {
        dequeue(Q,e);
        cout<<e<<" ";
    }
    cout<<endl;

    return 0;
}

8.定长顺序串的求子串、串的合并等

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define MAXSIZE 11
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int elemtype;

typedef struct {
    elemtype *base;
    int front;
    int rear;
}sqQuene;

status initqueue(sqQuene &Q)
{
    Q.base = (elemtype *)malloc(MAXSIZE*sizeof(sqQuene));
    if(!Q.base)
    {
        cout<<"memory error!"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    Q.front = Q.rear = 0;
    return 1;
}

status enqueue(sqQuene &Q , elemtype e)
{
    if( (Q.rear + 1)%MAXSIZE == Q.front )
    {
        cout<<"queue is full !"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    Q.base[Q.rear] = e;
    Q.rear = (Q.rear+1)%MAXSIZE; 
    return 1;

}
status dequeue(sqQuene &Q , elemtype &e)
{
    if(Q.front == Q.rear)
    {
        cout<<"There is no any elem!"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    e = Q.base[Q.front];
    Q.front = (Q.front + 1)%MAXSIZE;
    return 1;
}
status qulength(sqQuene Q)
{
    return (Q.rear - Q.front + MAXSIZE)%MAXSIZE;
}

int main ()
{
    elemtype e;
    sqQuene Q;
    initqueue(Q);
    cout<<"开始入队总共10个元素"<<endl;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < MAXSIZE-1 ; i ++ )
    {
        cin >> e;
        enqueue(Q,e);
    }
    cout<<"出队一个元素"<<endl;
    dequeue(Q,e);
    cout<<"出队元素为:"<<e<<endl;
    cout<<"再入队一个元素"<<endl;
    cin >> e;
    enqueue(Q,e);
    cout<<"队列长度:"<<qulength(Q)<<endl;
    cout<<"所有元素出队"<<endl;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < MAXSIZE-1 ; i ++ )
    {
        dequeue(Q,e);
        cout<<e<<" ";
    }
    cout<<endl;

    return 0;
}

9.串的模式匹配

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int selemtype;
#define TURE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define MAXLEN 255
typedef int status;
typedef char sstring[MAXLEN+1];

void stringassign(sstring &t, char s[])
{

    t[0] = strlen(s);
    if(strlen(s) > MAXLEN)
    {
        cout<<"the string overflow!!!"<<endl;
        return ;
    }
    for(int i = 0 ; i < t[0] ; i ++)
    {
        t[i+1]=s[i];    
    }

}
void output(sstring s)
{
    for(int i = 1 ; i <= s[0] ; i ++ )
    {
        printf("%c",s[i]);
    }
}

void concat(sstring &T, sstring s1, sstring s2) 
{
    int i, j, uncut;
    if (s1[0] + s2[0] <= MAXLEN)
    {
        for (i = 1; i<= s1[0]; i++)
            T[i] = s1[i];
        for (j = 0; j< s2[0]; j++)
            T[i + j] = s2[j+1];
        T[0] = s1[0] + s2[0];
    }
    else if (s1[0]< MAXLEN)
    {
        for (i = 1; i<s1[0]; i++)
            T[i] = s1[i];
        for (j = 1; j< MAXLEN - s1[0]; j++)
            T[i + j] = s2[j];
        T[0] = s1[0] + j;
    }
    else if (s1[0] ==  MAXLEN)
    {
        for (i = 1; i<s1[0]; i++)
            T[i] = s1[i];
        T[0] = s1[0];
        uncut = FALSE;
    }
}
int substring(sstring &sub, sstring s, int pos, int len)
{
    if (pos<1 || pos>s[0] || len<0 || len>s[0] - pos + 1)
    {
        cout<<"该子串不存在"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= len; i++)
        sub[i] = s[pos - 1 + i];
    sub[0] = len;
    return OK;
}
int stringcmp(sstring T,sstring T2)
{
    int i = 1;
    int t = 0;
    while( i<=T[0]&&i<=T2[0] )
    {
        if(T[i] == T2[i])
            i++;
        else
        {
            t = T[i] - T2[i];
            if ( t < 0 )
            {
                return -1;
            }
            else
            {
                return 1;
            }
        }
    }
    if( i > T[0]&&i>T2[0])
        return 0;
    else
    {
        if(i>T[0])
        {
            return -1;
        }
        else{
            return 1;
        }
    }
}

int index(sstring S,sstring T,int pos)
{
    if(pos<1)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    int n = S[0],m=T[0];
    int i = pos;
    while(i <= n - m + 1)
    {
        sstring  sub;
        substring(sub,S,i,m);
        if(stringcmp(sub,T)!=0)
        {
            i++;
        }
        else return i;
    }
    return 0;

}
int index2(sstring S, sstring T,int pos)
{
    for(int i = 1 ; i<=S[0]-T[0]+1 ; i ++  )
    {
        int j = 1;
        while(j<=T[0])
        {
            if(S[i]==T[i])
            {
                j++;
            }
            else{
                break;
            }
        }
        if(j>=T[0])
        {
            return i;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

int main ()
{
    char s1[255555],s2[255];
    sstring t1,t2,t;
    cout<<"请输入字符串s1"<<endl;
    gets(s1);
    cout<<"请输入字符串s2"<<endl;
    gets(s2);
    stringassign(t1,s1);
    stringassign(t2,s2);
    if(!stringcmp(t1,t2))
    {
        cout<<"s1等于s2"<<endl;
    }
    else if (stringcmp(t1,t2)==1)
    {
        cout<<"s1大于s2"<<endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<"s1小于s2"<<endl;
    }
    cout<<"输入主串:"<<endl;
    char s3[25555],s4[2555];
    gets(s3);
    sstring t3,t4;
    stringassign(t3,s3);
    cout<<"输入模式串:"<<endl;
    gets(s4);
    stringassign(t4,s4);
    int pos= 0;
    cout<<"输入在多少位后查找模式串:"<<endl;
    cin >> pos;
    cout<<"模式1:"<<endl;
    if(index(t3,t4,pos))
    {
        cout<<"模式串位置为: "<<index(t3,t4,pos)<<endl;
    }
    else{
        cout<<"查询失败"<<endl;   
    }
    cout<<"模式2:"<<endl;
    if(index2(t3,t4,pos))
    {
    cout<<"模式串位置为: "<<index(t3,t4,pos)<<endl;
    }
    else{
        cout<<"查询失败"<<endl;   
    }
    return 0;
}

10.稀疏矩阵的两种转置运算

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>

#define ok 1
#define MAX 12500

using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int elemtype;
int num[MAX];
int cpot[MAX];
typedef struct 
{
    int i , j ;
    elemtype e;
}triple;
typedef struct
{
    triple data[MAX];
    int mu,nu,tu;
}TM;

void Create(TM &M)
{
    printf("请输入总行，总列，非零元素的个数\n");
    cin >> M.mu>>M.nu>>M.tu;
    cout<<"行号，列号，值"<<endl;
    for(int t = 1 ; t <= M.tu ; t ++ )
    {
        cin >> M.data[t].i>>M.data[t].j>>M.data[t].e;
    }
}
status Print(TM G)      //打印稀疏矩阵 
{
    int k=1;
    for(int i=1;i<=G.mu;i++)
    {
        for(int j=1;j<=G.nu;j++)
        {
            if(G.data[k].i == i && G.data[k].j == j)
            {
                printf("%4d",G.data[k].e);
                k++;
            }   
            else
                printf("   0");
        }
        cout<<endl;
    }
    return 1;
}
status TransposeSMatrix1(TM M,TM &T) 
{
    int col,p,q,t;
    //一个矩阵和它的转置矩阵的行和列相反 
    T.mu = M.nu;        
    T.nu = M.mu;
    T.tu = M.tu;
    if(T.tu)
    {
        for(col=1;col<=M.nu;++col)
            num[col] = 0;
        for(t=1;t<=M.tu;++t)      
            ++num[M.data[t].j];
        cpot[1] = 1;                 
        for(col=2;col<=M.nu;++col)
            cpot[col] = cpot[col-1] + num[col-1];

        for(p=1;p<=M.tu;++p)
        {
            col = M.data[p].j;
            q = cpot[col];
            T.data[q].i = M.data[p].j;      
            T.data[q].j = M.data[p].i;
            T.data[q].e = M.data[p].e;      
            ++cpot[col];
        }
    }
    return 1;
}
status TransposeSMatrix2(TM &G,TM &T)
{
    int k=1;
    T.mu = G.nu;
    T.nu = G.mu;
    T.tu = G.tu;
    int col = 0 , p = 0;
    for(int col=1;col<=G.nu;col++)
    {
        for(int p=1;p<=G.tu;p++)
        {
            if(G.data[p].j == col )
            {
                T.data[k].i = G.data[p].j;
                T.data[k].j = G.data[p].i;
                T.data[k].e = G.data[p].e;
                k++;
            }
        }
    }
    return 1;
}
void outTM(TM M)
{
    int i;

    printf("矩阵的总行、总列、总非0元素的个数：\n");
    printf("%4d%4d%4d\n", M.mu, M.nu, M.tu);

    printf("---------------\n");
    printf("   i   j   v\n");
    printf("---------------\n");
    for (i = 1; i <= M.tu; i++)
    {
        printf("%4d%4d%4d\n", M.data[i].i, M.data[i].j, M.data[i].e);
    }
    printf("---------------\n");
}

int main ()
{
    TM M,T,T2;
    Create(M);
    cout<<"矩阵为:"<<endl;
//  Print(M);
    cout<<"三元组:"<<endl;
    outTM(M);
    TransposeSMatrix1(M,T);
    cout<<"使用第一种方法转置的矩阵为:"<<endl;
//  Print(T);
    cout<<"三元组:"<<endl;
    outTM(T);
    TransposeSMatrix2(M,T2);
    cout<<"使用第二种方法转置的矩阵为:"<<endl;
//  Print(T2);
    outTM(T2);
}
/*
test 
6 7 8

1 2 12
1 3 9
3 1 -3
3 6 14
4 3 24
5 2 18
6 1 15
6 4 -7
*/

11.二叉树的创建及递归的前、中、后序遍历

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int selemtype;

#define ok 1
#define error 0

typedef struct bitnode
{
    char data;
    struct bitnode *lchild,*rchild;
}Bitnode,*Bitree;

status creatbitree(Bitree &t)
{
    char ch;
    ch=getchar();
    if(ch == ' ')
    {
        t=NULL;
    }
    else{
        t=(Bitree)malloc(sizeof(Bitnode));
        t->data=ch;
        creatbitree(t->lchild);
        creatbitree(t->rchild);
    }
    return 1;
}
void preorder(Bitree root)//递归先序遍历 
{
    if(root)    
    {
        printf("%c",root->data);
        preorder(root->lchild);
        preorder(root->rchild);
    }
}
void Inorder(Bitree root)
{

    if(root)    
    {
        Inorder(root->lchild);
        printf("%c",root->data);
        Inorder(root->rchild);
    }
}
void postorder(Bitree root)
{

    if(root)    
    {
        postorder(root->lchild);
        postorder(root->rchild);
        printf("%c",root->data);

    }
}

int main ()
{
    Bitree T;
    creatbitree(T);
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<"先序遍历结果为:";
    preorder(T);
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<"中序遍历结果为:";
    Inorder(T);
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<"后序遍历结果为:";
    postorder(T);

}

12.二叉树的创建及非递归的前序与二种中序遍历

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
#define STACK_INIT_SIZE 100
#define STACKINCREMENT 10
typedef int status;
typedef struct bitnode
{
    char data;
    struct bitnode *lchild,*rchild;
}Bitnode,*Bitree;

typedef Bitree selemtype;
status creatbitree(Bitree &t)
{
    char ch;
    ch=getchar();
    if(ch == ' ')
    {
        t=NULL;
    }
    else{
        t=(Bitree)malloc(sizeof(Bitnode));
        t->data=ch;
        creatbitree(t->lchild);
        creatbitree(t->rchild);
    }
    return 1;
}
void preorder(Bitree root)//递归先序遍历 
{
    if(root)    
    {
        printf("%c",root->data);
        preorder(root->lchild);
        preorder(root->rchild);
    }
}
void inorder(Bitree root)
{

    if(root)    
    {
        inorder(root->lchild);
        printf("%c",root->data);
        inorder(root->rchild);
    }
}
void postorder(Bitree root)
{

    if(root)    
    {
        postorder(root->lchild);
        postorder(root->rchild);
        printf("%c",root->data);

    }
}

typedef struct
{
    selemtype *base;
    selemtype *top;
    int stacksize ;
}sqstack;

status initstack(sqstack &S)
{
    S.base = (selemtype *)malloc(STACK_INIT_SIZE*sizeof(selemtype));
    if(!S.base)
    {
        cout<<"初始化失败";
        exit(0);
    }
    S.top = S.base;
    S.stacksize = STACK_INIT_SIZE;
    return 1;

}
status push(sqstack &S , selemtype e)
{
    if(S.top-S.base>= S.stacksize)
    {
        selemtype *newbase=(selemtype *)realloc(S.base,(S.stacksize+STACKINCREMENT)*sizeof(selemtype));
        if(!newbase)
        {
            cout<<"内存不足栈空间增加失败"<<endl;
            return 0;
        }
        S.base = newbase;
        S.top=S.base + S.stacksize;
        S.stacksize+= STACK_INIT_SIZE;
    }
    *(S.top++) = e;
    return 1;
}
status pop(sqstack &S, selemtype &e)
{
    if(S.top==S.base)
    {
        cout<<"栈已空"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    e =*(--S.top);
    return 1;
}
status showstack(sqstack S)
{
    while(S.base != S.top )
    {
        cout<<*(--S.top)<<" ";
    }
    cout <<endl;
    return 1;
}
status emptystack(sqstack &S)
{
    if(S.top != S.base)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    else    return 1;
}
status stacklength(sqstack &S)
{
    return (S.top - S.base);
}
status clearstack (sqstack &S)
{
    S.top = S.base;
    return 1;
}
status DestroyStack(sqstack &S)
{
    free(S.base);
    S.base=S.top=NULL;
    S.stacksize=0;
    return 1;
}
status TopStack(sqstack &S,selemtype &e)
{
    if(S.top==S.base)
        return 0;
    e=*(S.top-1);
    return 1;
}

void Preorder(Bitree T)
{
    sqstack S;
    initstack(S);
    Bitnode *p;
    p = T;
    while(p || !emptystack(S))
    {
        if(p)
        {
            printf("%c",p->data);
            push(S,p);
            p= p->lchild;
        }
        else
        {
            pop(S,p);
            p=p->rchild; 
        }
    }
}
void Inorder(Bitree T)
{
    sqstack S;
    initstack(S);
    Bitnode *p;
    p = T;
    while(p || !emptystack(S))
    {
        if(p)
        {
            push(S,p);
            p = p->lchild;
        }
        else
        {
            pop(S,p);
            printf("%c",p->data);
            p = p->rchild;
        }
    }
}
void Inorder2(Bitree T)
{
    sqstack S;
    initstack(S);
    Bitnode *p;
    p = T;
    push(S,p);
    while(!emptystack(S))
    {
        while(TopStack(S,p)&&p)
        {
            push(S,p->lchild);
        }
        pop(S,p);
        if(!emptystack(S))
        {
            pop(S,p);
            printf("%c",p->data);
            push(S,p->rchild);
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    Bitree T;
    creatbitree(T);
    cout<<endl<<"非递归先序遍历:"<<endl;
    Preorder(T);
    cout<<endl<<"递归先序遍历:"<<endl;
    preorder(T);
    cout<<endl<<"非递归中序,空不进栈:"<<endl;
    Inorder(T);
    cout<<endl<<"非递归中序,空进栈"<<endl;
    Inorder2(T);
    cout<<endl<<"递归中序"<<endl;
    inorder(T);
}

13.哈夫曼树与哈夫曼编码的构造

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<list>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
typedef int status;
typedef int selemtype;

typedef struct
{
    int weight;
    int parent,lchird,rchild;
}HTNode,*HuffmanTree;

typedef char** HuffmanCode;

void Select(HuffmanTree t,int n ,int &s1, int &s2)
{
    int temp;
    temp = 99999;
    for(int i = 1 ; i<= n ; i ++ )
    {
        if(t[i].weight<temp && t[i].parent == 0 )
        {
            temp=t[i].weight;
            s1 = i;
        }
    }   
    temp = 99999;
    for(int i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++ )
    {
        if(t[i].weight<temp && t[i].parent == 0 &&i!=s1)
        {
            temp = t[i].weight;
            s2 = i;
        }
    }
}
void InitHuffmanTree(HuffmanTree &H,int n)
{
    if(n<=1) return ;
    int m=2*n-1;
    H= (HTNode *)malloc( (m+1)*sizeof(HTNode) );//new HTNode[m+1];
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
    {
        H[i].parent=0;
        H[i].lchird=0;
        H[i].rchild=0;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        cin>>H[i].weight;
    }
}

void CreateHuffmanTree(HuffmanTree &H,int n)
{
    int m=2*n-1;
    int s1,s2;
    for (int i = n+1; i <= m; i++)
    {
        Select(H,i-1,s1,s2);
        H[s1].parent=i; H[s2].parent=i;
        H[i].lchird=s1; H[i].rchild=s2;
        H[i].weight=H[s1].weight+H[s2].weight;
    }
}

void CreateHuffmanCode(HuffmanTree H,HuffmanCode &HC,int n)
{
    HC=new char*[n+1];
    char* cd=new char[n];
    cd[n-1]='\0';
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        int start=n-1;
        int c=i;
        int f=H[i].parent;
        while (f!=0)
        {
            --start;
            if (H[f].lchird==c)
            {
                cd[start]='0';
            }
            else cd[start]='1';
            c=f;
            f=H[f].parent;
        }
        HC[i]=new char[n-start];
        strcpy(HC[i],&cd[start]);
    }
    delete cd; 
}
void out(HuffmanTree t, int n)
{
    int i;

    printf("     w     p     l     r\n");
    printf("------------------------\n");
    for (i = 1; i <= 2 * n - 1; i++)
    {
        printf("%6d%6d%6d%6d\n", t[i].weight, t[i].parent, t[i].lchird, t[i].rchild);
    }
    printf("------------------------\n");
}
int main()
{
    HuffmanTree H;
    HuffmanCode HC;
    int n;
    cout<<"请输入哈夫曼树的节点数:"<<endl;
    cin>>n;
    cout<<"输入每个节点的权值:"<<endl;
    InitHuffmanTree(H,n);
    CreateHuffmanTree(H,n);
    CreateHuffmanCode(H,HC,n);
    out(H,n);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        printf("H[%d] = %d 哈夫曼编码为:",i,H[i].weight);
        cout<<HC[i]<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
/*
test
8
3 5 11 23 29 14 7 8 
*/

评论

  1. shangwendada
    博主
    3 年前
    2023-8-29 14:30:42

    333

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